Zobisika pansi pa Khothi la Killian la MIT ndipo zitha kupezeka kokha kudzera munjira zapansi panthaka, labu yachinsinsi imachita kafukufuku wopitilira malire, wodyetsedwa ndi ndalama zotengedwa ku dipatimenti ya chitetezo. M’maholo omwe ali ndi mithunzi, apamwamba kwambiri, katswiri wa zakuthambo ndi wamlengalenga Valentina Resnick-Baker, yemwe akukumana ndi zochitika zachilendo atakumana ndi asteroid yoopsa ya mapulaneti, adapeza kuti ali ndi mphamvu ya plasma fusion.
Resnick-Baker ndi ngwazi yodziwika bwino komanso wanzeru Msonkhano, nkhani zoseketsa za 15 zomwe zidapangidwa ndikulembedwa ndi Amy Chu ’91. Zochitikazo zikhoza kukhala zongopeka, koma sayansi ndi-yonse – yeniyeni. (Chu adachita kafukufuku wam’mbuyo pa plasma physics pamndandandawu, ndipo polemba za Batman villain Poison Ivy, adaphunzira zoyambira za CRISPR kuti Ivy azigwiritsa ntchito kupanga “ana” ake.) “Chinthu chomwe chandivutitsa. kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuti nkhani zambiri za ngwazi zimazikidwa pazachabechabe,” akutero Chu, wazaka 54. “Nkhani iliyonse yomwe ndimachita ndimayesetsa kuyiyika mu sayansi.”
Kuti womaliza maphunziro a MIT amakonda kutsimikizika kwasayansi ku Kryptonite komanso kulumidwa ndi akangaude wa radioactive kungakhale chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri pa Chu. Ndili ndi zaka 42, pambuyo pa ntchito yabwino yomwe adakhala nthawi yayitali m’zipinda zochitira misonkhano, mlangizi wakale wa kasamalidwe adalowa m’chilengedwe chake monga wolemba mabuku azithunzithunzi. Choyamba kudzera muzoyambitsa zake zofalitsa, Alpha Girl Comics, ndipo tsopano kudzera m’ntchito zolemetsa monga Marvel ndi DC, Chu akuganiziranso zamwambo wachizungu wachimuna wa atsikana, aku Asia-America ndi Pacific Islanders, ndi ena omwe samadziwona okha kukhala odzaza ndi mitundu. mapanelo.
“Nkhani zambiri za ngwazi zimakhazikika pazachabechabe. Nkhani zonse zomwe ndimachita ndimayesetsa kuziyika mu sayansi. “
Amy Chu
Ndi nthabwala, Chu akutsata mwayi wamsika komanso zokonda zamagulu, zomwe ndizodziwika bwino kwa azimayi omwe ali ndi zipsera pamasewera. “Anthu onsewa akukuwa ndi kukuwa ponena za nthabwala: kuti akufa chifukwa atsikana ndi akazi akuwapha,” akutero Chu, ponena za kunyansidwa kwachikazi koulutsidwa bwino kwa oyambitsa akazi ndi mafani. “Tsogolo lazithunzithunzi limadalira kuthekera kwa atsikana kukhala owerenga.”
Kupanga timu
Kulimbikitsa kwa Chu kwa amayi ndi atsikana kunayamba ngati kudziyimira pawokha. Makolo ake, omwe adasamuka ku Hong Kong mu 1968, adasamutsa banja kuzungulira dzikolo chifukwa cha maudindo a abambo ake pazanyukiliya komanso, pambuyo pake, sayansi ya zamankhwala. Mu 1980 adakathera ku Iowa City, komwe Chu adachita bwino (timu ya chess, Dungeons & Dragons, masewera apakompyuta) ndi chikondi cha mpira. Sukulu yake inali ndi timu ya anyamata basi, ndipo anaipanga—koma mphunzitsiyo sanamulole kusewera. Banja la Chu adasumira chigawo cha sukulu ndipo adapambana.
Mu 1985 Chu anasamukira ku Massachusetts ndipo anayamba pulogalamu yapawiri yomwe inkafuna kuti agawanitse nthawi yake pakati pa MIT, komwe adaphunzira za zomangamanga, ndi Wellesley, komwe adaphunzira maphunziro a East Asia. Koma kunali ku MIT’s Phi Beta Epsilon fraternity komwe adakumana ndi tsogolo lake. Chibwenzi cha Chu panthawiyo chinali membala kumeneko, ndipo bwenzi la m’modzi mwa anzake anali akusunga bokosi lalikulu lodzaza ndi zisudzo pa frat. Ambiri anali ochokera ku First Comics, wosindikiza wina yemwe amagwira ntchito pa akazitape, okonda zamatsenga, komanso zopeka za sayansi. “Ndinaŵerenga pafupifupi bokosi lonse m’chilimwe chimenecho,” akutero Chu, yemwe poyamba ankayerekezera zisudzo ndi anthu otchuka kwambiri. “Linali vumbulutso.”
Ndiyo nkhani yoyambira. Koma ntchito ya Chu pamasewera amasewera inali kutali kwambiri. Ku Wellesley adachita chidwi ndi kusindikiza, ndikuyambitsa magazini yachikhalidwe kuti alimbikitse kupanga kalasi mu maphunziro aku Asia-America. Ndipo atamaliza maphunziro ake ku Wellesley mu 1989, anasamukira ku New York kuti akapezeke ndi magazini ya A. Magazine, yofalitsidwa ndi anthu ambiri a ku Asia ndi America. Koma Chu ankadziwa kuti magazini oyambira sakanatha kupeza ndalama zokwanira kuti apulumuke, choncho patapita pafupifupi chaka adabwerera ku Cambridge kuti amalize digiri yake ya MIT. (A. inatenga zaka zina zisanu ndi zitatu.)
Atagwira ntchito zapamwamba m’mabungwe angapo aku Asia ndi America ku New York, Chu adakhala zaka ziwiri ndi theka ku Hong Kong ndi Macau. Ali kutsidya kwa nyanja adagwira ntchito kwa mabiliyoni wabizinesi Pansy Ho, yemwe anali ndi kampani ya PR yomwe imapanga zochitika zamtundu wapamwamba, komanso amagwiranso ntchito ndi bizinesi ya banja lake yomwe ikupanga zokopa alendo ku Macau. Ho anakhala mlangizi.
Chu adabwerera ku US kukaphunzira ku Harvard Business School ndipo mu 1999, MBA m’manja, adakwera sitima yoyang’anira. Zaka ziwiri paupangiri waukadaulo Marakon zidamuthandiza kusiya ngongole za ophunzira aku Brobdingnagian. Kenako Ho adapempha Chu kuti athandizire mabizinesi ake ochepa aukadaulo ku US. Izi zidakhudza pafupifupi zaka khumi zaulendo wamabizinesi ndi PowerPoints, Chu akugwira ntchito ngati mlangizi wodziyimira pawokha wa Ho ndi ena. “Panali kufunikira kwakukulu panthawiyo kwa Red Sonjas,” akutero, ponena za mercenary watsitsi lamoto yemwe adalembanso za iye.
Pofika 2010, Chu adawotchedwa. Sikuti ntchito yake inali yolimba, komanso anali kulera ana aang’ono aŵiri ndipo anali atatopa ndi chithandizo chamankhwala a khansa ya m’mawere. Pamsonkhano woyamba wa Harvard Asia-American Alumni Summit, adalumikizana ndi Georgia Lee, mnzake yemwe adapanga njira yosinthira madigiri 180 kuchokera ku upangiri mpaka kulemba ndi kupanga mafilimu. Lee adapereka masomphenya ake atsopano kwa wofalitsa wazithunzithunzi akulunjika kwa atsikana ndi amayi. Kalelo, akazi otchulidwa m’macomic odziwika adachepetsedwa kwambiri kuti awonekere komanso kuti aziwoneka ngati owerenga amuna.
Kuchepa kwa zisudzo zopangidwa ndi azimayi komanso kwa akazi kudadzutsa malingaliro a kupanda chilungamo komwe kudapangitsa Chu kubwerera ku Iowa. “Ndinapanga gululo mu mpira,” iye akutero. “Ndikapanga timuyi mumasewera.”
Kukhala wolemba
Kuyamba kwa Chu ndi Lee, Alpha Girl Comics, koyambirira ndi sci-fi Western ndi Lee yotchedwa Mzinda wa Meridien. Oyambitsa adakonzekera kumasula ntchito ndi amayi ena pambuyo pake. Pamene Chu ankakonzekera kukhala wofalitsa, Lee anamulimbikitsa kuti aphunzire mbali zonse za bizinesiyo. Chifukwa chake Chu adasainira pulogalamu yolemba ndikusintha yopangidwa ndi mkonzi wakale wa Marvel. Iye anati: “Kumeneko n’kumene ndinakopeka.
Alpha Girl atangotulutsa mutu wake woyamba, Lee sanasiye mwayi wowongolera filimu ku Hong Kong. Panthawiyo, Chu anali atalemba nkhani zakezake. Iye anati: “Zonse zinasintha kwa ine. “Chifukwa chake ndidati, ndikuganiza ndisindikiza zinthu zanga, ndi gulu la akatswiri ojambula.” (Monga olemba nthabwala ambiri, Chu amalemba nkhani zaluso ndikuthandizana ndi ojambula omwe amajambula mapanelo.)
Ngakhale kuti chikhalidwe chake sichimafuula “wopanga zisudzo,” zidamukonzekeretsa bwino ntchitoyo, akutero. Kuchokera pantchito yopanda mzimu ya m’badwo wa PowerPoint panthawi yomwe amafunsira, adadziwa bwino nthano. Ndipo kapangidwe ka zomangamanga, wamkulu wake ku MIT, adamuphunzitsa kukhathamiritsa malo mkati mwazovuta. (Chu akuyerekeza kulinganiza chochitika chomenyerapo kanthu kukhala choseketsa chamasamba 10 ndi kuyika piyano yayikulu m’nyumba ya situdiyo: “Uyenera kusiya zinthu zina kapena zikhala chokumana nacho choipa.”)
Kwa Alpha Girl, Chu adalemba ndikupanga mitu iwiri. Atsikana Night Out ndi mndandanda wa mavoliyumu atatu omwe akutsatira zochitika za mayi wa dementia ndi anzake, omwe amachoka kumalo osungirako okalamba. Chipinda cha VIP ndi nthano imodzi yokha yowopsa ya alendo asanu omwe adamangidwa m’malo osadziwika bwino. Koma kugulitsa kwamphamvu pamisonkhano yayikulu – njira yayikulu yogawa ya Alpha Girl – sikunatsegule njira yopita ku chitukuko. Kuti akweze mbiri yake yamakampani ndikupanga ndalama zochulukirapo, Chu adakhala wobwereketsa, akuzungulira zatsopano zazithunzi za chikhalidwe cha pop zopangidwa ndi Marvel, DC Comics, ndi osindikiza ena.
Ntchito ya Chu yazaka khumi muzojambula zaphatikizirapo ntchito yosindikiza paokha, zolemba zazithunzi za owerenga achichepere, ndi malingaliro amakono a anthu otchuka kwambiri pamsika.
Cholengedwa chimodzi chodziwika bwino chinali nkhani yomwe adapanga mu 2016 ya Poison Ivy, munthu wamba wa Batman yemwe adayamba kuwonekera mu 1966 ngati wachigawenga wokonda zachilengedwe. Chu adaganiziranso za munthuyu pomwe amapanga nyimbo zoyamba za Ivy, akutenga njira yachifundo pamakhalidwe ake ovuta. Atalandira ndemanga pagulu la Wonder Con ponena za kusowa kwa anthu aku Asia-America mumasewera, adawonjeza mtsogoleri wachimuna waku South Asia, wolimbikitsidwa ndi mnzake waku Jain waku MIT. (“Ajaini amadya zamasamba monyanyira, zimene ndithudi zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri kwa Ivy,” iye akutero.) Comics, akutero Chu, amampatsa “malo owonjezera kuimira ndi kusiyanasiyana.”
Ma Comics amamupatsanso mwayi wochita zopusa pang’ono. Mu 2016, Chu adayamba kulemba za munthu wotchuka Red Sonja, ndikuchotsa wakunja wokhala ndi lupanga kuchokera kudziko lopeka mpaka ku New York City yamakono. Zaka zingapo pambuyo pake, Dynamite Entertainment ndi Archie Comics adamupempha kuti apangire njira yodutsana pakati pa achinyamata omwe amakonda kwambiri a Sonja ndi Riverdale. “Ndinaganiza, izi ndizopusa kwambiri ndikangokana,” akutero Chu pazomwe zidakhala Red Sonja & Vampirella Akumana ndi Betty & Veronica. “Kenako ndinaganiza, ngati ndingathe kuchita ndikuchipanga bwino, ndi umboni wa luso langa.”
MIT kudzoza
Chu posakhalitsa adakhala wolemba wofunidwa kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amafunsidwa kuti apereke malingaliro atsopano otchulidwa omwe mwina adapangidwa zaka zambiri zapitazo. Malingaliro amachokera konsekonse, kuphatikiza MIT Technology Review, yomwe Chu amatcha “zokhazikika mu sayansi komanso kuganiza zamtsogolo.”
Institute yapereka chilimbikitso m’njira zina. Ku Baltimore Comic Con komwe anali pagulu, Chu adalumikizananso ndi Wisdom Coleman ’91. Coleman analankhula za zomwe anakumana nazo monga woyendetsa ndege ku Afghanistan ndi amayi omwe adatumikira naye kumeneko. Miyoyo ya akazi amenewo idakhala maziko oyamba a Chu Wodabwitsa Mkazi nkhani, za woyendetsa ndege wamkazi yemwe akudabwa ngati heroics ake kwenikweni ndi ntchito ya Lady of the Golden Lariat. (Iwo sali.)
Anthu ngati woyendetsa ndege wachikazi uja komanso Resnick-Baker, katswiri wa zakuthambo pakatikati pa ndege. Msonkhano mndandanda, valani monga Chu adawapangira iwo: ngati akazi enieni omwe amagwira ntchito yeniyeni. Makhalidwe omwe Chu sanapange, mosiyana, nthawi zambiri amaperekedwa mwanjira ya hypersexualized yomwe amadana nayo. Palibe zambiri zomwe angachite nazo. “Zambiri zimadalira mkonzi ndi kusankha kwa mkonzi wa wojambula,” akutero. Chizindikiro chimodzi cha kupita patsogolo, iye akuwona, ndi njira yochepetsetsa ya mabuku azithunzithunzi olunjika kwa achinyamata kapena opangidwa ndi gulu lomwe likukulirakulira la akonzi achikazi.
Chu nthawi zina amakankhira mmbuyo, monga momwe wojambula yemwe amagwira ntchito pa limodzi la mabuku ake adawonetsa Poison Ivy mu thong. Iye anati: “Ndinangowaimbira foni n’kuwalemba m’kabuku ka Victoria’s Secret ndi kuwauza zoyenera kuchita. “Penapake pakati pa bikini ndi zazifupi za anyamata ndizomwe ndimaganiza.” (Wojambulayo adasintha.)
Masiku ano Chu amalandira ntchito zambiri kuchokera kwa ofalitsa ambiri kotero kuti alibe nthawi ya Alpha Girl, yomwe sanatulutse mutu watsopano m’zaka zingapo. (Lee adapitiliza kulembera kanema wawayilesi, makamaka pa Syfy ndi Amazon Prime Video mndandanda KuthamboAkufuna kuti abwererenso ku Alpha Girl, koma “Ndimapeza zinthu momwe ndiliri, ndiyenera kuzilemba chifukwa ndi zabwino kwambiri,” akutero. “Green Hornet? Eya, ndikufuna kulemba Green Hornet! Wodabwitsa Mkazi? Kumene!”
Chu nayenso adalowa muzofalitsa zachikhalidwe. Mu 2019 ndi 2020 Viking adatulutsa mavoliyumu awiri a Sea Sirens, buku lojambula bwino la ana asukulu zapakati lopangidwa ndi Chu ndi mnzake Janet K. Lee, wojambula wopambana Mphotho ya Eisner. Zosinthidwa kuchokera ku 1911 pansi pamadzi zongopeka ndi Wizard wa Oz Wolemba L. Frank Baum, Chu ndi Lee omwe adasinthidwa amawunikiranso ngwazi, Trot, ngati mtsikana waku Vietnamese-America ku Southern California. Mnzake wamkulu wamwamuna tsopano ndi mphaka wolankhula. “Lingaliro lakuti mtsikana wamng’ono akuyendayenda ndi mwamuna wachikulire wachilendo ali ndi zokumana nazo likudzutsa mafunso ambiri masiku ano,” akutero Chu.
Pali zina zofunika pa nthawi ya Chu. Zaka zitatu zapitazo, adalembedwa ntchito kuti alembe magawo awiri a mndandanda wa Netflix DOTA: Magazi a Dragon, kutengera masewera apakanema otchuka. (Yachiwiri, pulogalamu yosadziwika ya Netflix ili m’ntchito.) Akuyambanso ntchito pazithunzithunzi zamasewera zochokera ku Borderlands masewero a kanema. Panjira ina, bwenzi lina la MIT, Norman Chen ’88, yemwe tsopano akuyendetsa Asian American Foundation, adalemba Chu kuti afotokoze mwachidule mbiri ya Asia-America kwa ophunzira akusukulu.
Ngati Chu pamapeto pake atsitsimutsa Alpha Girl, akhoza kusangalala ndi owerenga ndi othandizira. Pafupifupi zaka 10 zapitazo a Girl Scouts adapanga baji ya Comic Artist, ndipo Chu adadzaza ndi zopempha kuti alankhule ndi asitikali. Iye anati: “M’zaka zingapo zapitazi, akazi ambiri adzakhala atakumana ndi vuto limeneli. “Ngati ali ngati ine, adzakopeka.”
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